Class 9 Science is a foundational stage wherein students start to learn about basic concepts of Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Earth Science. This set of MCQs is meant to provide students with a good practice of fundamental topics that act as the foundation for future learning in science. These MCQs are meant to aid you if you are looking to get ready for an examination or to brush up on scientific knowledge.
1. Which of the following is the SI unit of force?
- A) Joule
- B) Newton
- C) Watt
- D) Pascal
Answer: B) Newton
The SI unit of force is the Newton (N), named after Sir Isaac Newton.
2. Which of the following is not a property of a magnet?
- A) Attracts iron
- B) Has poles
- C) Can repel similar poles
- D) Has no effect on non-metals
Answer: D) Has no effect on non-metals
Magnets only attract ferromagnetic materials like iron, cobalt, and nickel, and do not affect non-metals.
3. What is the primary function of the root system in plants?
- A) Photosynthesis
- B) Transport of water and nutrients
- C) Reproduction
- D) Absorption of carbon dioxide
Answer: B) Transport of water and nutrients
The root system absorbs water and essential minerals from the soil, providing nutrients to the plant.
4. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
- A) Melting of ice
- B) Boiling of water
- C) Burning of paper
- D) Dissolving sugar in water
Answer: C) Burning of paper
Burning of paper is a chemical change because new substances like ash and gases are formed.
5. Which of the following gases is primarily responsible for global warming?
- A) Oxygen
- B) Carbon dioxide
- C) Nitrogen
- D) Hydrogen
Answer: B) Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, contributing to global warming.
6. What is the process by which plants make their food?
- A) Respiration
- B) Transpiration
- C) Photosynthesis
- D) Germination
Answer: C) Photosynthesis
Plants make their food by converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen in the presence of sunlight.
7. Which part of the plant is responsible for photosynthesis?
- A) Root
- B) Stem
- C) Leaf
- D) Flower
Answer: C) Leaf
The leaf contains chlorophyll, which allows the plant to perform photosynthesis.
8. What is the main component of the Earth’s atmosphere?
- A) Nitrogen
- B) Oxygen
- C) Carbon dioxide
- D) Water vapor
Answer: A) Nitrogen
Nitrogen makes up 78% of Earth’s atmosphere.
9. What is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?
- A) H2O
- B) HCl
- C) H2SO4
- D) NaOH
Answer: B) HCl
Hydrochloric acid consists of hydrogen and chlorine and is represented by the chemical formula HCl.
10. What is the unit of power?
- A) Volt
- B) Ampere
- C) Watt
- D) Ohm
Answer: C) Watt
The unit of power is the Watt (W), which measures the rate of energy consumption or production.
11. Which of the following is a function of the human circulatory system?
- A) Transport of oxygen and nutrients
- B) Protection from diseases
- C) Production of hormones
- D) Digestion of food
Answer: A) Transport of oxygen and nutrients
The circulatory system is responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body.
12. What is the main function of white blood cells in the human body?
- A) Carry oxygen
- B) Fight infections
- C) Produce insulin
- D) Transport carbon dioxide
Answer: B) Fight infections
White blood cells are part of the immune system and help protect the body against infections and diseases.
13. What is the chemical formula for methane?
- A) CH4
- B) C2H6
- C) CH3OH
- D) C4H10
Answer: A) CH4
Methane is a simple organic compound with one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms.
14. What is the SI unit of temperature?
- A) Celsius
- B) Fahrenheit
- C) Kelvin
- D) Joule
Answer: C) Kelvin
The SI unit for temperature is Kelvin (K).
15. Which of the following is a non-metal?
- A) Iron
- B) Oxygen
- C) Copper
- D) Aluminum
Answer: B) Oxygen
Oxygen is a non-metal and an essential component of the Earth’s atmosphere.
16. What is the main function of mitochondria in cells?
- A) Protein synthesis
- B) Energy production
- C) DNA replication
- D) Photosynthesis
Answer: B) Energy production
Mitochondria produce ATP, the primary source of energy for the cell.
17. Which of the following is not a type of simple machine?
- A) Lever
- B) Pulley
- C) Wheel and axle
- D) Generator
Answer: D) Generator
A generator is a complex machine, not a simple one. Simple machines include levers, pulleys, and wheels.
18. What is the chemical symbol for sodium?
- A) Na
- B) Sb
- C) Si
- D) S
Answer: A) Na
The chemical symbol for sodium is Na, derived from the Latin word “natron.”
19. Which of the following is an example of an exothermic reaction?
- A) Melting ice
- B) Boiling water
- C) Combustion of fuel
- D) Dissolving sugar in water
Answer: C) Combustion of fuel
Combustion of fuel releases energy in the form of heat and light, making it an exothermic reaction.
20. What is the primary function of the roots in a plant?
- A) Photosynthesis
- B) Absorption of water and minerals
- C) Transport of nutrients
- D) Reproduction
Answer: B) Absorption of water and minerals
Roots absorb water and essential minerals from the soil to nourish the plant.
21. What is the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water?
- A) Evaporation
- B) Condensation
- C) Melting
- D) Freezing
Answer: B) Condensation
Condensation occurs when water vapor cools and turns into liquid water.
22. What is the unit of measurement for electric current?
- A) Volt
- B) Ampere
- C) Watt
- D) Ohm
Answer: B) Ampere
The unit of electric current is the Ampere (A).
23. What is the process by which plants lose water through their leaves?
- A) Photosynthesis
- B) Transpiration
- C) Germination
- D) Respiration
Answer: B) Transpiration
Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor through their leaves into the atmosphere.
24. Which of the following is not a type of chemical reaction?
- A) Combustion
- B) Synthesis
- C) Condensation
- D) Decomposition
Answer: C) Condensation
Condensation is a physical process, not a chemical reaction. The other options are types of chemical reactions.
25. What is the process of converting a gas to a liquid called?
- A) Melting
- B) Freezing
- C) Condensation
- D) Sublimation
Answer: C) Condensation
Condensation is the process by which a gas cools and turns into a liquid.
26. Which organ is responsible for pumping blood throughout the human body?
- A) Stomach
- B) Lungs
- C) Brain
- D) Heart
Answer: D) Heart
The heart is responsible for pumping blood, which circulates oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.
27. What is the main component of the human skeleton?
- A) Ligaments
- B) Cartilage
- C) Bones
- D) Tendons
Answer: C) Bones
Bones make up the skeletal system and provide structure and support to the body.
28. Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable resource?
- A) Solar energy
- B) Wind energy
- C) Coal
- D) Biomass
Answer: C) Coal
Coal is a non-renewable resource because it takes millions of years to form and is depleting faster than it can be replenished.
29. What is the main function of the digestive system?
- A) Breaks down food into nutrients
- B) Regulates body temperature
- C) Circulates blood
- D) Removes waste products
Answer: A) Breaks down food into nutrients
The digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body.
30. What is the force that opposes the motion of an object in contact with another surface?
- A) Gravitational force
- B) Electromagnetic force
- C) Frictional force
- D) Centripetal force
Answer: C) Frictional force
Friction is the force that resists the movement of one surface against another.
31. Which of the following is a characteristic of acids?
- A) Slippery to touch
- B) Bitter taste
- C) Sour taste
- D) Turns red litmus paper blue
Answer: C) Sour taste
Acids generally have a sour taste and turn blue litmus paper red.
32. Which is the largest organ in the human body?
- A) Brain
- B) Liver
- C) Skin
- D) Heart
Answer: C) Skin
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, covering and protecting all internal organs.
33. What is the process of water turning into water vapor called?
- A) Freezing
- B) Evaporation
- C) Melting
- D) Condensation
Answer: B) Evaporation
Evaporation is the process by which water turns into water vapor due to the heat energy from the surroundings.
34. Which part of the cell is known as the control center?
- A) Nucleus
- B) Mitochondria
- C) Ribosomes
- D) Cytoplasm
Answer: A) Nucleus
The nucleus controls all the activities of the cell, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
35. What is the energy source that plants primarily use to make their food?
- A) Water
- B) Soil
- C) Sunlight
- D) Air
Answer: C) Sunlight
Plants use sunlight as the primary energy source for photosynthesis, producing glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
36. Which of the following is a property of metals?
- A) Brittle
- B) Insulator of heat
- C) Good conductor of electricity
- D) Transparent
Answer: C) Good conductor of electricity
Metals are good conductors of electricity and heat due to the free movement of electrons in their structure.
37. What is the main function of chlorophyll in plants?
- A) Absorb nutrients from the soil
- B) Absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
- C) Transport water from roots to leaves
- D) Protect the plant from diseases
Answer: B) Absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight, which is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which plants produce their own food.
38. Which element is the primary component of organic molecules?
- A) Oxygen
- B) Nitrogen
- C) Carbon
- D) Hydrogen
Answer: C) Carbon
Carbon is the central element in organic compounds, forming the backbone of molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
39. In an electric circuit, which of the following is used to regulate the current?
- A) Battery
- B) Resistor
- C) Wire
- D) Bulb
Answer: B) Resistor
A resistor is used in electric circuits to control or limit the flow of current.
40. What is the process by which an object gains heat?
- A) Convection
- B) Conduction
- C) Radiation
- D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Conduction, convection, and radiation are all processes through which heat is transferred from one object to another.
41. What is the result of a chemical reaction between an acid and a base?
- A) Formation of a gas
- B) Formation of salt and water
- C) Production of light
- D) No reaction
Answer: B) Formation of salt and water
When an acid reacts with a base, it forms salt and water in a neutralization reaction.
42. Which of the following organisms is an example of a decomposer?
- A) Frog
- B) Mushroom
- C) Lion
- D) Grasshopper
Answer: B) Mushroom
Mushrooms are decomposers, breaking down dead organic matter into simpler substances that enrich the soil.
43. Which of the following is not a form of potential energy?
- A) Chemical energy
- B) Gravitational energy
- C) Kinetic energy
- D) Elastic energy
Answer: C) Kinetic energy
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, while potential energy is stored energy in a system.
44. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
- A) Coal
- B) Oil
- C) Wind
- D) Natural gas
Answer: C) Wind
Wind is a renewable resource as it is naturally replenished and does not get depleted by use.
45. What is the force that pulls objects towards the center of the Earth?
- A) Friction
- B) Electromagnetic force
- C) Gravitational force
- D) Centripetal force
Answer: C) Gravitational force
Gravitational force is the force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth, giving them weight.
46. What is the chemical formula for sulfuric acid?
- A) HCl
- B) H2SO4
- C) NaOH
- D) HNO3
Answer: B) H2SO4
Sulfuric acid has the chemical formula H2SO4 and is a strong acid commonly used in industrial applications.
47. What type of reaction is used in nuclear power plants to generate energy?
- A) Combustion
- B) Fusion
- C) Fission
- D) Oxidation
Answer: C) Fission
Nuclear power plants generate energy through nuclear fission, where atoms are split to release energy.
48. Which of the following is not a source of energy in plants?
- A) Sunlight
- B) Soil minerals
- C) Water
- D) Oxygen
Answer: D) Oxygen
Oxygen is not a source of energy for plants. Plants rely on sunlight, soil minerals, and water for energy and growth.
49. Which of the following is a common physical property of gases?
- A) Fixed shape
- B) Fixed volume
- C) High density
- D) Expand to fill their container
Answer: D) Expand to fill their container
Gases have no fixed shape or volume and will expand to fill the entire volume of their container.
50. What is the process in which liquid water changes into water vapor called?
- A) Freezing
- B) Evaporation
- C) Condensation
- D) Melting
Answer: B) Evaporation
Evaporation is the process by which liquid water changes into water vapor, typically due to heat from the surrounding environment.
This concludes the 50 MCQs for Class 9 Science, covering key concepts across various branches of science including Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Earth Science. These questions will help you better understand and review the core topics in your curriculum.
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